Typewriting-machine



.H. E. BRIDGWATER. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 27,1919.

0 E l filllliill m mmw 1 Patenteol June 8 1924) Hi5 ATTORNEY H. E. BRIDGWATER. TYPEWRITING MACHINE- APPLICATION FILED OCT. 27. 1919.

Patented; June 8, 19 20.

2 SHEETS-SH LT 2 5L k i WI'TN'ES 'HIS'ATTDRNEYZ HERBERT E. BRIDGWATER 0F SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORTO REMINGTON TY PEWRITER COMPANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YO3K..

TYPEWBITING-MACHINE.

1,3412JEM1.

Speeificationof Letters Patent.

Patented June 8., 1925.

Application filed. October 27, 1919. Serial No. 383,452.

To all ibliom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT b. BRIDG- WATER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Syracuse, in thecounty of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented certain new and Typewriting-Machines, of which the follow in is a specification.

y invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly to back spacing mechanism for such machines.

One of the main In the accompanying drawings wherein like reference. characters indicate corre-' sponding partsin the different views,

Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical fore and aft sectional view of a typewriting machine equipped with the back spacing mechanism of my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding to Fig. 1 but showing only a'portion of the back spacing )mechanism and some of the associated parts.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentarydetail plan view of the back spacing mechanism and some of the parts associated therewith,

Fig. 4 is a detail fragmentary front elevation of the back spacing member and some of the parts combined therewith, th e View representing the parts in' fu'll li they appear in normal.'position'and' in broken lines as they appear when partially operated. Fig.5 is a like view of the same, showing the parts as they appear at the end ,of the back spacing operation.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail fragmentary perspective view, as seen from the rear, of a portion of theback. spacing mechanism. and some of the parts combined therewith. I

The present invention is shown embodied useful Improvements in' objects of the invention, generally stated, is to provide a simple and detail fragmentary extends transverse y of in a light, portable, top strike machine of i the character disclosed in the application of A. W. Smith. Sr. No. 326,705, filed Sept,

27, 1919. While the back spacing mechanism' of the present invention was devised more especially for, and is particularly available in a machine of the character disclo'sedin said application, it should be understood that the invention may be incorporatedin various other styles of typewriting or like machines.

An interior detachable frame whichsupports the working parts of the machine is itself cohtained within, an outer sheet metal frame or casing 1. The supporting frame comprises side plates 2, agfront comb plate 3,

secured to ears 4 on the side plates by screws 5, anda casting 6 fixed to the side plates by screws 7. A type bar segment 8 constitutes part of, this casting and remains fixed while the platen receives a case shifting movement relativelv thereto as will, hereinafter appear. A top plate 9 is secured to inwardly extending ears 10 on the side plates 2 lg screws 11.

cylindrical platen 12 is mounted-by suitable means on a base plate 13 of a carriage, said base plate being formed with oppositely disposed grooved raceways 14. Antifriction balls 15 are received in said raceways and in the oppositely disposed grooved tracks in carriage rails 16. The carriage .is thus mounted on the balls 15 to travel from side to side of the machine' Pivotally connected to the carriage bed at 17 are forwardly extending arms 18, to the front ends of which a feed rack 19 is secured by screws 20. The upper side of the rack is provided with teeth 21, whereas the lower side thereof provides a fiat contact face for cooperation with a locking member, as @will hereinafter appear. Fixed pins 22 are secured to the carriage base 13, each pin projecting through an opening 23 in a pivoted arm 18. Acoiled expansion spring 24 surrounds each pin 22 bearing at its lower end against the base and at its upper end against the associated pivoted arm 18. The force of these springs is exerted 'to'move the feed rack upwardly against a stop, (not-shown) and to maintain the feed rack in its normal elevated position where it engages the cooperative escapement mecha nism; A suitably actuated rock shaft 25, controlled by the rinting and space keys, the machine, and

about midway in its length the shaft carries a block or dog carrier 26 secured thereto by a set screw 27 This block carries a forward loose or stepping dog 28 and a rear non-stepping feed dog 29. Both feed dogs are mounted to turn together on'the pivot 30 but the dog' 28 alone has a rectilinear sliding motion in the direction of the length of the feedrack. This is due to slots 31, 32 in the dog 28, the former receiving the pivot pin 30 and the latter a pin 33 fixed to the dog 29.

This last mentioned pin normally bears against stops 34 on the block 36 and limits downward movement of both feed dogs and operatively connects them to move together around the pivot 30. A contractile spring 35 extends through an opening in the block 26 and is anchored at one end to a pin 36,

the spring being connected at its opposite end, as at 37 to the loose dog 28. The force of this spring is exerted to'advance the loose dog when the latter is released from the rack, and also to hold' both dogs down in the normal position shown. A rocking movement of the shaft 25, caused at the depression of a key, effects a forward swinging movement of the dogs, carrying the normally engaged loose dog-28 out of the rack and.

bringing the dog 29 into engagement there with. The dog :28 on being released from the rack is advanced by the spring 35 to a position where it will engage the next advancing tooth of the rack on release of the depressed key, and when the block 26 swings back to normal position. i This enables the carriage to advance'a letter space in the direction of its feed, or from right to left,

1 under the power of the usual spring drum,

not shown. When the carriage isreturned to the right without releasing the feed rack, the dogs will turn on the pivot 30 as the loose dog jogs over theteeth of the rack screws .-;;;;;l;1orizoirta lly"disposed flanges metal shift frame. This frame includes a cross bar 40 and side bars 41, as well as the supporting flanges 39. The forward endsof the bars 41 are pivoted at 42 to depending crank arms 43 which project from a rock shaft 44 mounted. at its ends in hearings in the side plates 2. Each of the side bars 41 is also. formed with a rearwardly and downwardly extending arm 45 pivoted at 46 to a link 47 which in turn-is pivoted at 48 to a side plate 2. Suitable bearing sup-.-

ports (not shown) are provided on the shift frame for the rock shaft 25. In this manner all the parts enumerated above are ,mounted on the shift frame to move fore and aft of the machine with the platen in the case shifting movements of. the latter. A coiled contractile spring 49 is connected to each arm 45, the opposite end of each spring being connected to a fixed pin 50 which projects inwardly from a side plate 2.. The force of these springsis exerted to move the shift frame forwardly where it is arrested by stops 51 thereon co'acting with stops 52 on the side plates 2. Stops 53 on the side plates 2 coact with stops 51 to limit the rearward movement of the shift frame. The case shifting operation may be effected by any suitable key and connections, not shown.

' The back spacing mechanism of the pres;

ent invention includes a back spacing key 54 arranged at the keyboard of the machine and carried by a fixed part of the machine. The back-spacing pawl which coacts with the feed-rack is however mounted for case shifting movement with the latter, in order to properly coact therewith in the different positions which the rack may assume. I have devised operating connections between the above mentioned back spacing key and the pawl that will not interfere with the shifting ;movements of the latter pointed out above. Thus the case shift key 54 is carried by a key lever 55 mounted at its rear end on a rod 56 carried by a rear comb plate 57 secured to the casting 6. This lever I is guided at the front of the machine by the guide comb 3 and is connected by an upright link 58 to a rearwardly extending arm,'of a bell crank lever59. This lever is pivoted'at 60 on a shouldered pivot screw received in a tapped opening in the right-hand side plate- 2. The lever 59 moves in a vertical plane,

and has its downwardly extending arm connected at {61 to a horizontally disposed link 62 that extends fore and aft of the machine, and is connected at its rear end, as at 63, to an upstanding ear on a bell crank lever 64. This last mentioned. lever movesin a.

horizontal'plane and ismountedon the fixed casting 6'by a shouldered pivot screw 63.-

The-rea'rwardly extending arm of this lever -is pivotally connected at 66 to a horizontally disposed two-part link 67. The link 67 extends in'the general direction of the travel of. the carriage "and is pivoted at its innenend, as at 68, to an off-setear 69 formed as a part of a sheet metal device or member, designated as a whole by the reference numeral 70. It will'be seen that the point of connection 68 is at the upper end of the member 70 and abovethe feed rack 19. The device 70 is in the'nature of an an gula-rle'ver and sliding member and it-carries a headed pivot pin or screw 71. The stem of this pin passes through a slot 72 in engage the teeth of the rack when the device 70 is turned on its pivot 71 from the full to the dotted line position shown in Flg. 4. At the same time the projection 74 is elevated 'to the dotted line position shown in this figure. The extent of-sliding movement of the member 70 is determined by the length of the slot 72, the pivot pin 71 coacting with the end walls of said slot to limit the sliding movement of the member 70 in opposite directions.

The pin 71 and slot 7 2 are below the rack '19 and considerably below the point 68 at which the link 67 is connected with the device 70. When key 54 is depressed and pulls link 67 toward the right, the first motion imparted to member 70 is a pivotal motion about pin 71 as a center, moving said member 70 from the normal position shown in full lines in Fig. 4, to the position shown in broken lines in said figurej When tooth and projection or stop 74: engage the rack, member 70 can turn no farther, and the balance of the pull of link 67 results in sliding the member 7 0 to the right until it is arrested by the end of $101.72, the rack 19 and the carriage of course moving to the right with tooth 75. When the parts are arrested at the end of the stroke, the pull of link 67 is all expended in an effort to rock member 70 about pin 71 as a center, thus cramping rack 19 between pawl 75, which presses downward, and projection 74, which presses upward, and tends to resist a downward or releasing movement of the feed rack.

Under most conditions this cramping will sufiice to prevent rack 19 from escaping from pawl '75 and will properly stopthe carriage. I have, nevertheless, provided means for positively locking the ,rack

against moving down out of engagement with pawl 75, and for positively locking said pawl against rising out of engagement with the rack :at the end of a back spacing movement in which the key has been quickly struck but inwhich the required pressure on the key a't. the end of the key stroke has not been maintained. In sue a case. there is a liability the pawl-rising sufliciently and the "rack" to dropsufii-' cie'ntl'y to cause these two devices to separate before the motion of the carriage and the rack has been fully arrested with the result that the carriage may be driven back'two letter spaces instead of one. Thus I prefer to form the support 73 with an engaging or locking portion 76 with which the. stop or projection 74 is adapted to engage at the last portion of the back spacing movement of the member 70, as illustrated in Fig. 5. This results in positively looking the member 70 against pivotal movement at this time,and positively holds the back spacing-pawl 75 in engagement with the rack to prevent an overthrow of the carriage during the back spacing operation. It will be seen that at this time the pivot of the member 70 engages in an end of the slot, and the contact 76 engages the projec tion 74, thereby positively preventing a pivotal movement of said member 70 in one direction, and positively preventing a depression or releasing movement of the rack. The rack being thus locked against depres- S1011 positively prevents a pivotal movement of the member 70 in the opposite direction by reason of the engagement of the back space pawl 75. with the rack. The engaging portion or contact 7 6 therefore acts in the nature of a safety'device to prevent any kind of stroke on the back spacingkey from overthrowing the carriage.

In practice I preferably so make and arrange the parts as that there is about 1/64 of an inch space between the lower edge of the projection 74 and the peak of the contact part 76 when these two parts are brought into the relationship shown at Fig. 100 5. In case at this time there is any tendency of the rack to lower, it can only do so for this slight space, which would be wholly insuflicient to enable the pawl 7 5 to lose its engagement with the tooth of the 105 rack which it is shoving back, and hence there cannot be any overthrow of the carriage.

It will be seen that the member 70 constitutes a combined back spacing pawl and 110 rack-holding device struck up from a single piece of sheet metal, and constitutes in effect a lever which crosses the rack and cooperates therewith on opposite sides. The fulcrum of this lever is intermediate its 115 ends, and intermediate the back spacing pawl 75 and projection 74.

In the operation of the back spacing device, a depression on the back space key A further depression of the key is effective to l 25 I cause themember 70, the feed rack and the parts connected to the'latterto be moved together a distance corresponding to the length of the slot 72. The member 70 and the parts connected therewith will be arrested by the 13) pin 71 reaching the right-hand end of the slot 72. The extent of this movement is something more than a single letter space movement of the carriage. The result is that the feed rack and carriage will be moved to the right a distance greater than the extent of feed movement of the loose dog.

The loose dog engaging the rack at this time will move back with it until the left-hand end wall of the slot 32 reaches the pin 33. A continued movement of the rack will elevate the loose dog causing it to ride over one tooth and to engage the first tooth to the left of that with which it coaoted in the Fig. 4 position, or before the back spacing operation. I have attempted in Fig. 5' to show substantially the positions of the parts at the end. of the back space movement, and while pressure is still maintained on the backspace key. Due to position of the parts at this time a release of pressure on the depressed back spacing key Will result in a certain extent of motion ofthe carriage and the rack 19 to the left until the dog 28 again reaches the Fig. 4 position. In this movement toward the left the member 70 moves with the rack a disin the meantime'has been arrested by the loose dog again attaining the position indicated in Fig. 4. In the normal position of the parts the projection or stop 74 rests against a contact face or stop 78-'on the support 73, which limits the pivotal movement of the member 70 under the action of a returning springo79. This spring is connected at one end to the lever 64 and at its opposite end to a in 80 secured to the back comb plate 57. X returning spring 81 is also provided to return the back space key lever to normal position, said spring being connected at one end to its lever and at the opposite end to a fixed pin 82 secured to the right-hand side plate 2.

In the present construction, in order that the member 70 may coact with the feed rack in the differentpositions to which the latter may be shifted with the carriage in its case shifting movements, I have mounted the support 73 so that it, together with the member 7 0 carried thereby, will partake of such case shifting movements. Thus from an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be seen that a sheet metalbracket plate '83 is-secured by screws 84 to the guide rails ofvthe carriage and extends downwardly and forwardly to form :a support for the supporting member or device 73, the foot piece of the latter being se cured to the bracket 83 by screws 85. It will be understood therefore that when the carriage receives a case shifting movement,

the member will receive a corresponding time the link 67 will swing around its point of pivotal connection 66 with the lever 64,

as indicated in dottedlines in Fig. 3. Theriage, and the key54 is effective in a like nianner on the device 70 irrespective of the position to which the latter may be shifted with the carriage in the case shifting movements of the latter.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combina-' tion of a carriage mounted for case shifting movement, a releasable feed rack carried thereby, a back spacing pawl coacting with said rack and which is mounted to move with the carriage in the case shifting movements of the latter, a device to hold the feed rack against releasing movement, said pawl and device being rigidly connected, and means for actuating said pawl and device.

2. In a typewriting machine,'the combination of a carriage, a releasable feed rack, a back spacing pawl coacting with teeth on the upper side of said feed rack, a device adapted to engage the feed rack on the, under side thereof'and to hold the rack against downward releasing movement, said pawl member.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage support mounted for case shifting movement, a carriage supported thereby, a releasable feed rack carried by the carriage, a single rigid member which forms a combined backspacing pawl and device for holding the rack against releasing movement, the rigidly connectedpawl and device engaging the rack on opposite sides thereof and exerting pressure on the rack in opposite directions, means for mounting said member on said shiftable carriage support for pivotal and sliding movement, and g6 key and connections for moving said mem- 4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a releasable feedrack, a lever carrying a rigidly connected back spacmovement with it and the feed rack. At this ing pawl at its upper end and a rigidly connected engaging device fo r -the rack at its lower end, the pawl engagmg the rack on its upper side and said device on the lower side, means for affording a bodily movement of said lever as well as a pivotal movement thereof, a key and connections for operating said lever, and a spring for returning the parts to normal position.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a releasable feed rack, a sheet metal angular member that crosses the rack to opposite sides thereof and is provided at the upper side of the rack with an off-set integral back spacing pawl that engages the teeth of the rack and also provided with an off-set integral projection that engages the lower side of the rack to hold it" against releasing movement, means for mounting said member for pivotal and sliding movements and for limiting the extent of its sliding movement, and key operated means connected to said member at one end thereof for actuating it.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a releasable feed rack, a back spacing pawl coacting with said rack, a holding device to hold the feed rack against releasing movement, said pawl and device being rigidly connected to form a single member, a safety device with which said holding device coacts at the last part of the feed stroke of said member to prevent the thrust of the carriage from disengaging the rack from said member, and a key and connections for moving the member.

7 In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage mounted for case shifting movement, a releasable feed rack carrie thereby, a back spacing pawl coacting with teeth on one side of said feed rack, a holding device adapted to engage the feed rack on the side thereof opposite that from which the teeth project and to hold the rack against releasing movement, said pawl and holding device being rigidly united to constitute a single member, means for supporting said member for case shifting movement with the carriage and for pivotal and sliding movement, a key on the frame of the machine operatively connected to said member for actuating it, and means cooperative with said member at the last part of its feed movement to prevent a pivotal movement thereof.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a releasable feed rack, a lever carrying a rigidly connected back spacing pawl at its upper end and a rigidly connected holding device for the-rack at its lower end, the pawl engaging the rack on its upper side and the holding device on the lower side, means for affordinga bodily movement of said lever as well as a pivotal movement thereof, a key and connections for operating said lever, a spring for-returning the parts to normal position, and a rigid part: with which said holding device coacts at the last part of the feed stroke of the lever to prevent a pivotal movement thereof.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a releasable feed rack, a

. sheetmetal angular member that crosses the rack to opposite sides thereof and is provided at one side of "the rack with an off-set integral back spacing pawl that engages the teeth of the rack and also provided with an elf-set integral holding projection that engages the opposite side of the rack, means for mounting said member for pivotal and sliding movement and for limiting the extent of its sliding movement, a key connected to said member at one end thereof for actuating it, and a fixed contact with which the holding projection coacts at the last part of the feed movement of said angular member to prevent a pivotal movement of the latter.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a releasable feed rack, a single member provided at its upper end with a rigidly connected back spacing pawl located above the feed rack and at its lower end with a rigidly connected holding device that is adapted to engage the lower side of the rack and to resist a releasing movement thereof, a support for said member below the feed rack, a pin and slot connection between said support and said member and located intermediate the ends of the latter and below the feed rack, so that the member engages the rack on opposite sides of said pin and slot connection, a contact surface on said support with which said holding device engages at the last part of its feed movement to lock the member against pivotal movement, a key, and connections therefrom to the upper end of said member for moving it.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage mounted for case shift movement, a releasable feed rack carried thereby, a single sheet metal member formed at one end with an off-set back spacing pawl and at the other end with an ofi-set holding projection adapted to engage the back of the rack and resist a releasing movement thereof, a slotted support for said member,

said support being mounted for case shifting movement with the carriage, a pin on said member intermediate the pawl and holding projection, said pin being received in the slot in said support to provide a mounting for said member by which it may receive a pivotal and a sliding movement on said support and be limited in its sliding movements by the pin coacting with the ends of the slot, and a key carried by the frame of the machine and operatively connected to said member to actuate it.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combi- I nation of a carriage support that is mounted for case shifting movement fore and aft of the machine, a back spacing device carried by and shiftablc with said carriage support in the easeshifting movements'of the latter,

a hack spacing key carried by a fixed portion of the machine, and intermediate actuating connections between said key and back spacing device; said connections including a link that shifts at one end thereof fore and aft of the machine with the carriage support and around a point of pivotal connection of the link at its other end.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage support that is mounted for case shifting movement fore and aft of the machine, a back spacing device carried by and shiftable with said carriage support in the case shifting movements of the latter, aback spacing key carried by a fixed portion of the machine, and intermediate actuating connections between said key and back spacing device, said connections including an angular lever carried by a fixed portion of the machine and operatively connected to said key, and a link connected at one end to said angular lever and at its opposite end 20 to said back spacing device where it shifts with the latter When the carriage support is shifted, said link shifting around the point of its connection with said angular lever.

Signed at Syracuse, in the county of Onon- 25 daga and State of New York this 22 day of Oct. A. D. 1919.

HERBERT E. BRIDGWATER.

Witnesses:

MERTON C. MoLoUGHLIN, -ETHELYN MARIAN KING. 

